Corruption in land administration in Ethiopia www.U4.no 2 1 Corruption risks in land administration in Ethiopia Background Land is a key resource for growth and development. supported by the Responsible and Innovative Land Administration Project (REILA) during the harmonization process. In its declaration on economic policy in November 1991 (Transitional Government of Ethiopia 1991), it announced the continuation of the land policy of the derg regime. RURAL LAND ADMINISTRATION AND USE PROCLAMATION NO. As a one component the government should establish and strengthen an institution responsible for this component. Access to rural land holds the promise to reduce poverty and foster sustainable development (Solomon and Mansberger 2003). EPLAUA Environmental Protection, Land Administration and Use Authority EPLAUO Environmental Protection, Land Administration and Use Office FAO Food and Agricultural Organization FDRE Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia GDP Gross Domestic Product LAS Land Administration System RRR Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities land administration: land rights registration and management; land use allocation and management; and land valuation and taxation (Lyons et al, 2001).” 1.3 Land Issues in Ethiopia Ethiopia is considered to have one of the best agricultural lands in Africa. 3. decentralised land management and administration 12 4. land and conflict 14 4.1 rising conflict: multiple causes 14 4.2 dispute resolution mechanisms 16 4.3 learning lessons from experience 17 5. protecting the land rights of vulnerable groups 18 5.1 a neglected issue now given greater attention 18 5.2 gender 18 5.3 hiv/aids 20 5.4 migrants 22 land holders under Article 40(8) and provide support to resettle displaced people under Article 44 (2); in accordance with Article 55 (2) ( a) of the Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it is hereby proclaimed as follows; 1. The new constitution of 1995 ies in land use studies, !Warning, and land administration to serve the immediate End Hï ids of an overall programme for the optimal use of 1-11(!untry's main natural resource. [87] Although many woredas share two or more AEZs, they were categorized into that agro-ecology where most of their area falls. Objectives. This Proclamation provides for rural land management and rights and use of rural land in Amhara National Region. The current governing land legislations in Ethiopia are mainly the FDRE Rural Land Administration and Use (RLAUP) 456/2005 and the Urban Land Lease Proclamation 711/2011, which are in place to govern rural and urban land respectively. land has sparked a debate among Ethiopian and foreign scholars regarding the effect of the tenure system on land investment and management, factor mobility and the development of the non-farm sector (Gebremedhin and Nega, 2005). year 11 no.44). Ethiopia provides “no development activity may be carried out in an urban center without a prior development authorization.” The urban land administration shall ensure that the land on which the building is going to be built must have been acquired through legal means and with the building permit (development authorization). MAJOR LAND ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES 2.0 THE NATIONAL LAND POLICY The National Land Policy was tabled in Parliament in July, 1996. It shall in principle apply to all rural lands but provisions of special laws (relating to forestry, wildlife protection, bio-diversity resources, natural resource and environmental protection, mines developments etc.) Technical viewpoint Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) unequivocally states that land shall not be individual’s property. Property rights and conflicts- theory and evidence from the Highland of Ethiopia.pdf. discussion with public and officials in land administration) research covered four municipalities - Harar, Awash 7-killo, Bonga, and Mekelle - across the country, Van Dijk and Fransen concluded that “…administration of public land by municipal authorities has been poor and that if the present trend continues it is difficult to expect In turn, these pose significant constraints to agricultural growth and natural Download (pdf, 3.03 MB) The land management and governance system can be the underlying cause for materializing the opportunity or face the challenge of rapid urbanization. Expropriation, valuation and payment of compensation is one component of land administration. As a one component the government should establish and strengthen an institution responsible for this component. In Ethiopia, land is the common property of the ‘state and the people’, and, hence, is not subject to sale, exchange or mortgage. It explains how the concept of land administration has evolved and continues to evolve as part of a wider land management paradigm. work together and foster cross-fertilizing experiences in the area of good land governance and land administration.. 5. Ehui 2.2.1 Land Administration Reform Efforts Several regions have launched land administration reform efforts (not to be confused with land policy reform). The Land Issue in Ethiopia Rural land is both an economic and a political/social question in the present-day Ethiopia. Rural Development in SNNPRS etc). In addition, there is one land administration development agent in each Kebele. Ethiopia Land Administration Program (ELAP) worked to strengthen Ethiopia’s land administration system, promote tenure security, increase public awareness of land rights, and strengthen the capacity of federal and regional land administration agencies. 2 land and socio-economic development in ethiopia 5 2.1 historical background and land policy changes in ethiopia 5 2.2 current land debate in ethiopia 7 2.3 land registration in ethiopia 8 2.3.1 rural land 8 2.3.2 urban land 9 3 land registration in amhara regional state 10 3.1 land … Fit-for-purpose land administration: lessons from urban and rural Ethiopia R. M. Bennett* and B. K. Alemie Lessons for designing fit-for-purpose land administration and land management activities, where the stated purposes are poverty alleviation, food security, and good governance, are provided. 2007 Council of Ministers Regulation on Payment of Compensation for Property Situated on Landholding Expropriated for Public Purpose, (fed.Neg.gazeta.pro.no.135/2007, year 13th, No.36). This report descrihE 1;',,Iiir.ements for land use services in Ethiopia, one of the cf,E' o .L;Yi, of which is the need for assigned by supervisor (s). and urban land, as well as of all natural resources, is exclusively vested in the state and in the peoples of Ethiopia”. compensation is one component of land administration. 3.1.2. A Land Administration System (LAS) consolidating rights to rural land has been developed in the Amhara Region in Ethiopia. the dominant means of access to land administration institutions is through direct contact. Lessons for designing fit-for-purpose land administration and land management activities, where the stated purposes are poverty alleviation, food security, and good governance, are provided. In rural areas, land administration and the daily management of land issues is delegated to local governments (woreda and kebele level). PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL DEMAND ASSESSMENT, AND BASIC CURRICULA AND INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY REVIEW (Revised September 2015) John Medendorp, Ph.D., Human and Institutional Capacity Development Working Group . The low-cost land reform in southern Ethiopia has contributed to increased perceptions of tenure security for both women and men. Coordination among govern-ance structures put in place by states for land administration also was found to be poor, especially in Bauchi and Enugu states, where very low levels of cooperation on issues related to land administration reforms were observed. “The right to ownership of rural land and urban land, as well as of all natural resources is exclusively vested in the state and the peoples of Ethiopia. The Authority is accountable shall continue to apply) The Proclamation Southern landownership patterns developed as a result of land measurement and land grants following the Ethiopian conquest of the region in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. After the conquest, officials divided southern land equally among the state, the church, and the indigenous population. The approach employed to evaluate the performance of the grassroots-level land administration institutions is based on indicators of good governance principles. This to land administration in these countries, and for experts both from countries in transition and from the west to share views and experiences. Land is a common property of the nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia.” (TGE1 So, its administration and governance influence wellbeing of societies. Expropriation is a compulsory surrender of land to the government for public purpose activities. Although land is owned by the state and the Ethiopian people, rural farmers as well as urban residents are given the rights to use, lease/rent, or inherit the land and properties attached to it which are in their holding. This Proclamation may be cited as the “Urban Lands Lease Holding Proclamation No.721/2004. In the Tigray region the main body that administers rural land is the regional Environmental Protection Land Administration and Use Authority (EPLAUA). In Ethiopia, land is the common property of the ‘state and the people’, and, hence, is not subject to sale, exchange or mortgage. About 85% of the population in the country lives off the land. 49/2009 July 2009 Semera , Preamble Whereas, the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia asserts land ownership is solely vested in the peoples of Ethiopia and the State; NRLAIS is a key strategic development within the land administration sector in Ethiopia and provides the required functionalities to manage the land administration datasets and administration services of the rural land. There are 3200 Kebeles‟ Land Administration Committees (KLAC). This is an area of land Ethiopia Land Policy and Administration Assessment 9 fpolicy and administration that remains critically undeveloped and must be addressed. In this Proclamation unless the context otherwise requires: 1/ “lease” means a system of land tenure by which the use right of urban land is … Improve the legal framework related to land use rights at the national and regional levels. The FDRE constitution article40 state that, “the right to ownership of rural and urban land, as well as of all natural resources, is exclusively vested in the state and in the peoples of Ethiopia”. According to these general direction the Federal government legislate the Rural Land Administration and Use laws. livelihoods and land resources conservation in Bale eco-Region, south eastern Ethiopia`` submitted to Hawassa University, Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources, School of Graduate Studies, is a record of original research carried out by Tadele Kifle , under [86] With the delegation of land administration to the regions, regional governments enact different laws on land administration, land utilization, taxation and other related policies. Properly designed and developed land information system is, crucial in effective land administration. Ethiopia is discussing a revision of the institutional structure for land administration systems (Melkamu and Shewakena, 2010). The problem of land reform in Ethiopia has hampered that country's economic development throughout the late 19th and 20th centuries. 2. Short Title. Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Constitution, Urban Land Lease law and Directives; the draft National Good Governance Package (Urban Land Development & Administration Sub programme) and the project document to establish a national integrated urban land cadastre system and other relevant policy documents. The Proclamation establishes an identical rural land administration committee across the region irrespective of the size and nature of the rural land there. Ethiopia Land Administration and Nurture (LAND) Project . 1. Short Title This Proclamation may be cited as the“Expropriation of Land structure. It recognized the finite nature of Jamaica’s land resources and the need to correct decades of indiscriminate use … Jobs for Land Administration. Land is under public ownership in Ethiopia. 2005 Ethiopia Rural land administration and land Use proclamation (2005, No.456, Federal.Neg.Gaz. Land policy in Ethiopia has been controversial since the fall of the military socialist derg regime in 1991. Ethiopia Land Policy and Administration Assessment ix Executive Summary Research and studies in Ethiopia show that insecurity of land tenure restricts rights in land, reduces incentives to productively invest in land, and limits transferability of land. ETHIOPIAN LAND ADMINISTRATION . INTRODUCTION Land is a key resource and a driver of economic growth particularly in countries like Ethiopia in which wealth depends predominantly on land (USAID, 2007). Definitions. Attempts to modernize land ownership by giving title either to the peasants who till the soil, or to large-scale farming programs, have been tried under imperial rulers like Emperor Haile Selassie, and under Marxist regimes like the Derg, with mixed results. Policies for sustainable land management in the highlands of Ethiopia Socio-economics and Policy Research Working Paper 30 Table of Contents Summary of papers and proceedings of a seminar held at the International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 22–23 May 2000 Edited by M.A. Introducing land administration Part 1 of this book introduces the concept and principles of land administration in addition to providing an overview of the structure and objectives of the book. Ethiopia did not question state ownership of land (Hussein Jemma 2001, Kassa Belay and Manig 2004, Yigremew Adal 2001). At the same time, in the context The survey revealed that the land reform had, in a short period of time, registered the land of 80% of those households and that 60% thereof had received the land certificates. Jabbar, J. Pender and S.K. 2 Studies conducted under the USAID supported Land Administration to Nurture Development (LAND) Project2 show that except in urban centers with master plans and zoning in effect, people in Ethiopia have been using land, for far too long, in unplanned and uncontrolled fashion Take part and provide inputs and presentations at events organized by the. Since the start of the project in 2002 over 2.4 million possession-rights have been registered and over 1.3 million households given certificates. Th is policy and the att endant land administration practices have drawn impassioned debates over the years, to the extent of holding it responsible for all failures in the overall socio-economic development of urban centers. 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